As the intensity increases, both war animosity and economic animosity will ultimately have a negative effect on consumers' Airbnb booking decisions. Further, such effects of consumer animosity are negatively moderated by the intensity level of events inducing animosity. However, war animosity has limited effect on outbound travelers' decisions. Contrary to the extant studies which mostly show a negative effect of consumer animosity on purchase intentions, we find that consumer's economic animosity is likely to have a positive effect on outbound travelers' decisions in the context of sharing-based accommodations. Utilizing the events as exogenous shocks, we applied difference-in-differences (DID) approach to infer the causal effect of consumer animosity on Chinese outbound travelers' demand for sharing-based accommodations. Utilizing a unique geopolitical environment where Chinese consumers bear economic animosity (towards South Korea) and war animosity (towards Japan), we collected a comprehensive panel data set including listings and reviews from Airbnb, together with a list of events inducing animosity. In particular, we examine the differential effects of two types of consumer animosity: economic animosity and war animosity. This study investigates the impact of consumer animosity, a determinant of consumers' purchase decisions in international businesses, on outbound travelers' demand for sharing-based accommodations. We don’t guarantee that we will receive your returned item.Online home-sharing platforms, such as Airbnb, have recently become increasingly popular among travelers, including outbound travelers. If you are shipping an item over $75, you should consider using a trackable shipping service or purchasing shipping insurance. If you receive a refund, the cost of return shipping will be deducted from your refund.ĭepending on where you live, the time it may take for your exchanged product to reach you, may vary. You will be responsible for paying for your own shipping costs for returning your item. To return your product, you should mail your product to: 407 Algoma Street NW, Bemidji MN 56601, United States If the item wasn’t marked as a gift when purchased, or the gift giver had the order shipped to themselves to give to you later, we will send a refund to the gift giver and he will find out about your return. Once the returned item is received, a gift certificate will be mailed to you. If the item was marked as a gift when purchased and shipped directly to you, you’ll receive a gift credit for the value of your return. If you need to exchange it for the same item, send us an email at and send your item to: 407 Algoma Street NW, Bemidji MN 56601, United States. We only replace items if they are defective or damaged. Only regular priced items may be refunded, unfortunately sale items cannot be refunded. If you’ve done all of this and you still have not received your refund yet, please contact us at items (if applicable) There is often some processing time before a refund is posted. Then contact your credit card company, it may take some time before your refund is officially posted. If you haven’t received a refund yet, first check your bank account again. If you are approved, then your refund will be processed, and a credit will automatically be applied to your credit card or original method of payment, within a certain amount of days. We will also notify you of the approval or rejection of your refund. Once your return is received and inspected, we will send you an email to notify you that we have received your returned item. Any item that is returned more than 30 days after delivery Any item not in its original condition, is damaged or missing parts for reasons not due to our error CD, DVD, VHS tape, software, video game, cassette tape, or vinyl record that has been opened There are certain situations where only partial refunds are granted (if applicable) Please do not send your purchase back to the manufacturer. To complete your return, we require a receipt or proof of purchase. In circumstances where we initiate your refund, you will not be charged this amount and we will pay those costs. 30 transaction fee), to be deducted from your refund total (this same amount is charged to us and is non-refundable, which is the reason for this policy). Refunds or cancellations made before an order has been shipped will be charged the cost of Shopify Payments processing fee (approximately 2.9% +. It must also be in the original packaging. To be eligible for a return, your item must be unused and in the same condition that you received it. If 30 days have gone by since your purchase, unfortunately we can’t offer you a refund or exchange.

Shared animosity